---
title: Clifford (v1.1)
description: API reference for qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford in qiskit v1.1
source: https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/docs/en/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford
---

# Clifford

*class* `qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford(data, validate=True, copy=True)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L39-L1026)

Bases: `BaseOperator`, `AdjointMixin`, [`Operation`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.Operation "qiskit.circuit.operation.Operation")

An N-qubit unitary operator from the Clifford group.

An N-qubit Clifford operator takes Paulis to Paulis via conjugation (up to a global phase). More precisely, the Clifford group $\mathcal{C}_N$ is defined as

> $$
> \mathcal{C}_N = \{ U \in U(2^N) | U \mathcal{P}_N U^{\dagger} = \mathcal{P}_N \} / U(1)
> $$
>
> where $\mathcal{P}_N$ is the Pauli group on $N$ qubits that is generated by single-qubit Pauli operators, and $U$ is a unitary operator in the unitary group $U(2^N)$ representing operations on $N$ qubits. $\mathcal{C}_N$ is the quotient group by the subgroup of scalar unitary matrices $U(1)$.

**Representation**

An *N*-qubit Clifford operator is stored as a length *2N × (2N+1)* boolean tableau using the convention from reference \[1].

- Rows 0 to *N-1* are the *destabilizer* group generators
- Rows *N* to *2N-1* are the *stabilizer* group generators.

The internal boolean tableau for the Clifford can be accessed using the `tableau` attribute. The destabilizer or stabilizer rows can each be accessed as a length-N Stabilizer table using [`destab`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.destab "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.destab") and [`stab`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.stab "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.stab") attributes.

A more easily human readable representation of the Clifford operator can be obtained by calling the [`to_dict()`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_dict "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_dict") method. This representation is also used if a Clifford object is printed as in the following example

```python
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit
from qiskit.quantum_info import Clifford

# Bell state generation circuit
qc = QuantumCircuit(2)
qc.h(0)
qc.cx(0, 1)
cliff = Clifford(qc)

# Print the Clifford
print(cliff)

# Print the Clifford destabilizer rows
print(cliff.to_labels(mode="D"))

# Print the Clifford stabilizer rows
print(cliff.to_labels(mode="S"))
```

```python
Clifford: Stabilizer = ['+XX', '+ZZ'], Destabilizer = ['+IZ', '+XI']
['+IZ', '+XI']
['+XX', '+ZZ']
```

**Circuit Conversion**

Clifford operators can be initialized from circuits containing *only* the following Clifford gates: [`IGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.IGate "qiskit.circuit.library.IGate"), [`XGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.XGate "qiskit.circuit.library.XGate"), [`YGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.YGate "qiskit.circuit.library.YGate"), [`ZGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.ZGate "qiskit.circuit.library.ZGate"), [`HGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.HGate "qiskit.circuit.library.HGate"), [`SGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.SGate "qiskit.circuit.library.SGate"), [`SdgGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.SdgGate "qiskit.circuit.library.SdgGate"), [`SXGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.SXGate "qiskit.circuit.library.SXGate"), [`SXdgGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.SXdgGate "qiskit.circuit.library.SXdgGate"), [`CXGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.CXGate "qiskit.circuit.library.CXGate"), [`CZGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.CZGate "qiskit.circuit.library.CZGate"), [`CYGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.CYGate "qiskit.circuit.library.CYGate"), [`DCXGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.DCXGate "qiskit.circuit.library.DCXGate"), [`SwapGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.SwapGate "qiskit.circuit.library.SwapGate"), [`iSwapGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.iSwapGate "qiskit.circuit.library.iSwapGate"), [`ECRGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.ECRGate "qiskit.circuit.library.ECRGate"), [`LinearFunction`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.LinearFunction "qiskit.circuit.library.LinearFunction"), [`PermutationGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.PermutationGate "qiskit.circuit.library.PermutationGate"). They can be converted back into a [`QuantumCircuit`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit "qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit"), or [`Gate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.Gate "qiskit.circuit.Gate") object using the [`to_circuit()`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_circuit "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_circuit") or [`to_instruction()`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_instruction "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_instruction") methods respectively. Note that this decomposition is not necessarily optimal in terms of number of gates.

> **Note**
>
> A minimally generating set of gates for Clifford circuits is the [`HGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.HGate "qiskit.circuit.library.HGate") and [`SGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.SGate "qiskit.circuit.library.SGate") gate and *either* the [`CXGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.CXGate "qiskit.circuit.library.CXGate") or [`CZGate`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.CZGate "qiskit.circuit.library.CZGate") two-qubit gate.

Clifford operators can also be converted to [`Operator`](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.quantum_info.Operator "qiskit.quantum_info.Operator") objects using the [`to_operator()`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_operator "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.to_operator") method. This is done via decomposing to a circuit, and then simulating the circuit as a unitary operator.

**References**

1. S. Aaronson, D. Gottesman, *Improved Simulation of Stabilizer Circuits*, Phys. Rev. A 70, 052328 (2004). [arXiv:quant-ph/0406196](https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0406196)

Initialize an operator object.

## Attributes

### destab

The destabilizer array for the symplectic representation.

### destab\_phase

Return phase of destabilizer with boolean representation.

### destab\_x

The destabilizer x array for the symplectic representation.

### destab\_z

The destabilizer z array for the symplectic representation.

### dim

Return tuple (input\_shape, output\_shape).

### name

Unique string identifier for operation type.

### num\_clbits

Number of classical bits.

### num\_qubits

Return the number of qubits if a N-qubit operator or None otherwise.

### phase

Return phase with boolean representation.

### qargs

Return the qargs for the operator.

### stab

The stabilizer array for the symplectic representation.

### stab\_phase

Return phase of stabilizer with boolean representation.

### stab\_x

The stabilizer x array for the symplectic representation.

### stab\_z

The stabilizer array for the symplectic representation.

### symplectic\_matrix

Return boolean symplectic matrix.

### x

The x array for the symplectic representation.

### z

The z array for the symplectic representation.

## Methods

### adjoint

`adjoint()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L382-L383)

Return the adjoint of the Operator.

### compose

`compose(other, qargs=None, front=False)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L417-L450)

Return the operator composition with another Clifford.

**Parameters**

- **other** ([*Clifford*](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")) – a Clifford object.
- **qargs** ([*list*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list) *or None*) – Optional, a list of subsystem positions to apply other on. If None apply on all subsystems (default: None).
- **front** ([*bool*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#bool)) – If True compose using right operator multiplication, instead of left multiplication \[default: False].

**Returns**

The composed Clifford.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if other cannot be converted to an operator, or has incompatible dimensions for specified subsystems.

> **Note**
>
> Composition (`&`) by default is defined as left matrix multiplication for matrix operators, while `@` (equivalent to [`dot()`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.dot "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.dot")) is defined as right matrix multiplication. That is that `A & B == A.compose(B)` is equivalent to `B @ A == B.dot(A)` when `A` and `B` are of the same type.
>
> Setting the `front=True` kwarg changes this to right matrix multiplication and is equivalent to the [`dot()`](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.dot "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford.dot") method `A.dot(B) == A.compose(B, front=True)`.

### conjugate

`conjugate()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L379-L380)

Return the conjugate of the Clifford.

### copy

`copy()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L247-L248)

Make a deep copy of current operator.

### dot

`dot(other, qargs=None)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/mixins/group.py#L133-L149)

Return the right multiplied operator self \* other.

**Parameters**

- **other** ([*Operator*](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.quantum_info.Operator "qiskit.quantum_info.Operator")) – an operator object.
- **qargs** ([*list*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list) *or None*) – Optional, a list of subsystem positions to apply other on. If None apply on all subsystems (default: None).

**Returns**

The right matrix multiplied Operator.

**Return type**

[Operator](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.quantum_info.Operator "qiskit.quantum_info.Operator")

> **Note**
>
> The dot product can be obtained using the `@` binary operator. Hence `a.dot(b)` is equivalent to `a @ b`.

### expand

`expand(other)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L393-L396)

Return the reverse-order tensor product with another Clifford.

**Parameters**

**other** ([*Clifford*](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")) – a Clifford object.

**Returns**

**the tensor product $b \otimes a$, where $a$**

is the current Clifford, and $b$ is the other Clifford.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

### from\_circuit

*static* `from_circuit(circuit)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L670-L694)

Initialize from a QuantumCircuit or Instruction.

**Parameters**

**circuit** ([*QuantumCircuit*](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit "qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit")  *or*[*Instruction*](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.Instruction "qiskit.circuit.Instruction")) – instruction to initialize.

**Returns**

the Clifford object for the instruction.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if the input instruction is non-Clifford or contains classical register instruction.

### from\_dict

*classmethod* `from_dict(obj)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L536-L546)

Load a Clifford from a dictionary

### from\_label

*static* `from_label(label)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L696-L750)

Return a tensor product of single-qubit Clifford gates.

**Parameters**

**label** (*string*) – single-qubit operator string.

**Returns**

The N-qubit Clifford operator.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if the label contains invalid characters.

**Additional Information:**

The labels correspond to the single-qubit Cliffords are

- - Label
  - Stabilizer
  - Destabilizer
- - `"I"`
  - +Z
  - +X
- - `"X"`
  - -Z
  - +X
- - `"Y"`
  - -Z
  - -X
- - `"Z"`
  - +Z
  - -X
- - `"H"`
  - +X
  - +Z
- - `"S"`
  - +Z
  - +Y

### from\_linear\_function

*classmethod* `from_linear_function(linear_function)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L572-L596)

Create a Clifford from a Linear Function.

If the linear function is represented by a nxn binary invertible matrix A, then the corresponding Clifford has symplectic matrix \[\[A^t, 0], \[0, A^\{-1}]].

**Parameters**

**linear\_function** ([*LinearFunction*](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.LinearFunction "qiskit.circuit.library.LinearFunction")) – A linear function to be converted.

**Returns**

the Clifford object for this linear function.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

### from\_matrix

*classmethod* `from_matrix(matrix)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L552-L570)

Create a Clifford from a unitary matrix.

Note that this function takes exponentially long time w\.r.t. the number of qubits.

**Parameters**

**matrix** (*np.array*) – A unitary matrix representing a Clifford to be converted.

**Returns**

the Clifford object for the unitary matrix.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if the input is not a Clifford matrix.

### from\_operator

*classmethod* `from_operator(operator)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L623-L641)

Create a Clifford from a operator.

Note that this function takes exponentially long time w\.r.t. the number of qubits.

**Parameters**

**operator** ([*Operator*](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.quantum_info.Operator "qiskit.quantum_info.Operator")) – An operator representing a Clifford to be converted.

**Returns**

the Clifford object for the operator.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if the input is not a Clifford operator.

### from\_permutation

*classmethod* `from_permutation(permutation_gate)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L598-L617)

Create a Clifford from a PermutationGate.

**Parameters**

**permutation\_gate** ([*PermutationGate*](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.library.PermutationGate "qiskit.circuit.library.PermutationGate")) – A permutation to be converted.

**Returns**

the Clifford object for this permutation.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

### input\_dims

`input_dims(qargs=None)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/base_operator.py#L135-L137)

Return tuple of input dimension for specified subsystems.

### is\_unitary

`is_unitary()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L368-L373)

Return True if the Clifford table is valid.

### output\_dims

`output_dims(qargs=None)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/base_operator.py#L139-L141)

Return tuple of output dimension for specified subsystems.

### power

`power(n)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/mixins/group.py#L151-L171)

Return the compose of a operator with itself n times.

**Parameters**

**n** ([*int*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int)) – the number of times to compose with self (n>0).

**Returns**

the n-times composed operator.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if the input and output dimensions of the operator are not equal, or the power is not a positive integer.

### reshape

`reshape(input_dims=None, output_dims=None, num_qubits=None)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/base_operator.py#L106-L133)

Return a shallow copy with reshaped input and output subsystem dimensions.

**Parameters**

- **input\_dims** (*None or* [*tuple*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple)) – new subsystem input dimensions. If None the original input dims will be preserved \[Default: None].
- **output\_dims** (*None or* [*tuple*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple)) – new subsystem output dimensions. If None the original output dims will be preserved \[Default: None].
- **num\_qubits** (*None or* [*int*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int)) – reshape to an N-qubit operator \[Default: None].

**Returns**

returns self with reshaped input and output dimensions.

**Return type**

BaseOperator

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if combined size of all subsystem input dimension or subsystem output dimensions is not constant.

### tensor

`tensor(other)`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L388-L391)

Return the tensor product with another Clifford.

**Parameters**

**other** ([*Clifford*](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")) – a Clifford object.

**Returns**

**the tensor product $a \otimes b$, where $a$**

is the current Clifford, and $b$ is the other Clifford.

**Return type**

[Clifford](#qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford "qiskit.quantum_info.Clifford")

> **Note**
>
> The tensor product can be obtained using the `^` binary operator. Hence `a.tensor(b)` is equivalent to `a ^ b`.

### to\_circuit

`to_circuit()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L643-L664)

Return a QuantumCircuit implementing the Clifford.

For N \<= 3 qubits this is based on optimal CX cost decomposition from reference \[1]. For N > 3 qubits this is done using the general non-optimal compilation routine from reference \[2].

**Returns**

a circuit implementation of the Clifford.

**Return type**

[QuantumCircuit](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit "qiskit.circuit.QuantumCircuit")

**References**

1. S. Bravyi, D. Maslov, *Hadamard-free circuits expose the structure of the Clifford group*, [arXiv:2003.09412 \[quant-ph\]](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.09412)
2. S. Aaronson, D. Gottesman, *Improved Simulation of Stabilizer Circuits*, Phys. Rev. A 70, 052328 (2004). [arXiv:quant-ph/0406196](https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0406196)

### to\_dict

`to_dict()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L529-L534)

Return dictionary representation of Clifford object.

### to\_instruction

`to_instruction()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L666-L668)

Return a Gate instruction implementing the Clifford.

### to\_labels

`to_labels(array=False, mode='B')`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L752-L834)

Convert a Clifford to a list Pauli (de)stabilizer string labels.

For large Clifford converting using the `array=True` kwarg will be more efficient since it allocates memory for the full Numpy array of labels in advance.

| Label  | Phase | Symplectic | Matrix                                           | Pauli |
| ------ | ----- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ----- |
| `"+I"` | 0     | $[0, 0]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$   | $I$   |
| `"-I"` | 1     | $[0, 0]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} -1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{bmatrix}$ | $-I$  |
| `"X"`  | 0     | $[1, 0]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$   | $X$   |
| `"-X"` | 1     | $[1, 0]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$ | $-X$  |
| `"Y"`  | 0     | $[1, 1]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$  | $iY$  |
| `"-Y"` | 1     | $[1, 1]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$  | $-iY$ |
| `"Z"`  | 0     | $[0, 1]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{bmatrix}$  | $Z$   |
| `"-Z"` | 1     | $[0, 1]$   | $\begin{bmatrix} -1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$  | $-Z$  |

**Parameters**

- **array** ([*bool*](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#bool)) – return a Numpy array if True, otherwise return a list (Default: False).
- **mode** (*Literal\["S", "D", "B"]*) – return both stabilizer and destabilizer if “B”, return only stabilizer if “S” and return only destabilizer if “D”.

**Returns**

The rows of the StabilizerTable in label form.

**Return type**

[list](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list) or array

**Raises**

[**QiskitError**](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/exceptions#qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError "qiskit.exceptions.QiskitError") – if stabilizer and destabilizer are both False.

### to\_matrix

`to_matrix()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L548-L550)

Convert operator to Numpy matrix.

### to\_operator

`to_operator()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L619-L621)

Convert to an Operator object.

**Return type**

[*Operator*](/docs/api/qiskit/1.1/qiskit.quantum_info.Operator "qiskit.quantum_info.operators.operator.Operator")

### transpose

`transpose()`

[GitHub](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/tree/stable/1.1/qiskit/quantum_info/operators/symplectic/clifford.py#L385-L386)

Return the transpose of the Clifford.