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"---\n",
"title: \"Kalkulationsmodul mit der REST-API\"\n",
"description: \"So verwenden Sie die „Estimator“-Primitive mit der REST-API.\"\n",
"---\n",
"\n",
"{/* cspell:ignore IIZII, XIZZZ, accum */}\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# Kalkulationsmodul mit der REST-API\n",
"\n"
]
},
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"version-info"
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"{/*\n",
" DO NOT EDIT THIS CELL!!!\n",
" This cell's content is generated automatically by a script. Anything you add\n",
" here will be removed next time the notebook is run. To add new content, create\n",
" a new cell before or after this one.\n",
" */}\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" Paketversionen
\n",
"\n",
" Der Code auf dieser Seite wurde unter Berücksichtigung der folgenden Anforderungen entwickelt.\n",
" Wir empfehlen, diese Versionen oder neuere zu verwenden.\n",
"\n",
" ```\n",
" qiskit[all]~=2.3.0\n",
" ```\n",
" \n",
"\n"
]
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"id": "3d9ef591-91fd-4a49-a065-5e2cda4d41be",
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"source": [
"Die Schritte in diesem Abschnitt beschreiben, wie Sie Workloads über die REST-API ausführen und konfigurieren, und zeigen, wie Sie diese in einem Programm Ihrer Wahl aufrufen können.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" In dieser Dokumentation wird das Modul `requests` „ Python “ verwendet, um die REST-API zu veranschaulichen. Dieser Workflow kann jedoch mit jeder Sprache oder jedem Framework ausgeführt werden, die bzw. das die Arbeit mit REST-APIs unterstützt. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der [API-Referenzdokumentation](/docs/api/qiskit-runtime-rest).\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 1. Konto einrichten\n",
"\n",
"Da es sich bei Estimator um einen Managed Service handelt, müssen Sie zunächst Ihr Konto einrichten. Anschließend können Sie das Gerät auswählen, das Sie zur Berechnung des Erwartungswerts verwenden möchten.\n",
"\n",
"In diesem [Abschnitt](/docs/guides/cloud-setup-rest-api) erfahren Sie, wie Sie Ihr Konto einrichten, verfügbare Backends anzeigen und Tokens ungültig machen können.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 2. Erstellen Sie eine QASM-Schaltung\n",
"\n",
"Sie benötigen mindestens einen Schaltkreis als Eingabe für die Estimator-Primitive.\n",
"\n",
"Definieren Sie einen QASM-Quantenschaltkreis. Zum Beispiel:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"qasm_string='''\n",
"OPENQASM 3;\n",
"include \"stdgates.inc\";\n",
"qreg q[2];\n",
"creg c[2];\n",
"x q[0];\n",
"cx q[0], q[1];\n",
"c[0] = measure q[0];\n",
"c[1] = measure q[1];\n",
"'''\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Die folgenden Codeausschnitte gehen davon aus, dass in eine neue `qasm_string` Zeichenkette transpiliert `resulting_qasm` wurde.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 3. Führen Sie den Quantenschaltkreis mithilfe der Estimator- V2 -API aus\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" Die folgenden Jobs verwenden die Primitive „ IBM Quantum “ und „ V2 “. Sowohl `SamplerV2` als auch `EstimatorV2` nehmen einen oder mehrere primitive vereinheitlichte Blöcke (PUBs) als Eingabe entgegen. Jedes „ PUB “ ist ein Tupel, das einen Schaltkreis und die an diesen Schaltkreis übertragenen Daten enthält; dabei kann es sich um mehrere Observables und Parameter handeln. Jeder Aufruf von `PUB` liefert ein Ergebnis zurück.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each.\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
"}}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 4. Auftragsstatus prüfen und Ergebnisse abrufen\n",
"\n",
"Geben Sie anschließend die `job_id` an die API weiter:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_status_singlejob= requests.get(url+'/'+job_id, headers=headers)\n",
"response_status_singlejob.json().get('state')\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ausgabe\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
">>> Job ID: 58223448-5100-4dec-a47a-942fb30edcad\n",
">>> Job Status: JobStatus.RUNNING\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ergebnisse anzeigen:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_result= requests.get(url+'/'+job_id+'/results', headers=headers)\n",
"\n",
"res_dict=response_result.json()\n",
"\n",
"estimator_result=res_dict['results']\n",
"print(estimator_result)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ausgabe\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
"[{'data': {'evs': 0.7428980350102542, 'stds': 0.029884014518789213, 'ensemble_standard_error': 0.03261147170624149}, 'metadata': {'shots': 10016, 'target_precision': 0.01, 'circuit_metadata': {}, 'resilience': {}, 'num_randomizations': 32}}]\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 5. Mit Optionen arbeiten\n",
"\n",
"Mithilfe von Techniken zur Fehlerminderung können Benutzer Schaltungsfehler minimieren, indem sie das Rauschen des Bausteins zum Zeitpunkt der Ausführung modellieren. Dies führt in der Regel zu einem Aufwandsaufwand bei der Quantenvorverarbeitung im Zusammenhang mit dem Modelltraining sowie zu einem Aufwandsaufwand bei der klassischen Nachbearbeitung, um Fehler in den Rohdaten mithilfe des generierten Modells zu beheben.\n",
"\n",
"Die in die Primitive integrierten Techniken zur Fehlerminderung stellen erweiterte Optionen zur Ausfallsicherheit dar. Um diese Optionen festzulegen, verwenden Sie bei der Übermittlung Ihres Auftrags die `resilience_level` Option.\n",
"\n",
"Die folgenden Beispiele veranschaulichen die Standardoptionen für dynamische Entkopplung, Twirling und TREX + ZNE. Weitere Optionen und Details finden Sie im Abschnitt „[Techniken zur Fehlerminderung und -unterdrückung](/docs/guides/error-mitigation-and-suppression-techniques) “.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### TREX + ZNE\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"BACKEND_NAME\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
" \"options\": {\n",
" \"resilience\": {\n",
" \"measure_mitigation\": True,\n",
" \"zne_mitigation\": True,\n",
" \"zne\": {\n",
" \"extrapolator\":[\"exponential\", \"linear\"],\n",
" \"noise_factors\":[1, 3, 5],\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" }\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### Dynamische Entkopplung\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"BACKEND_NAME\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
" \"options\": {\n",
" \"dynamical_decoupling\": {\n",
" \"enable\": True,\n",
" \"sequence_type\": 'XpXm',\n",
" \"extra_slack_distribution\": 'middle',\n",
" \"scheduling_method\": 'alap',\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" }\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### Wirbeln\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"BACKEND_NAME\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
" \"options\": {\n",
" \"twirling\": {\n",
" \"enable_gates\": True,\n",
" \"enable_measure\": True,\n",
" \"num_randomizations\": \"auto\",\n",
" \"shots_per_randomization\": \"auto\",\n",
" \"strategy\": \"active-accum\",\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" }\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## Parametrisierte Schaltungen\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 1. Konto einrichten\n",
"\n",
"Zunächst müssen Sie Ihr Konto einrichten. Anschließend können Sie das Gerät auswählen, auf dem Sie Ihre Berechnungen durchführen möchten.\n",
"\n",
"In diesem [Abschnitt](/docs/guides/cloud-setup-rest-api) erfahren Sie, wie Sie Ihr Konto einrichten, verfügbare Backends anzeigen und Tokens ungültig machen können.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 2. Parameter festlegen\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"import qiskit_ibm_runtime\n",
"from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService\n",
"from qiskit.transpiler import generate_preset_pass_manager\n",
"from qiskit.qasm3 import dumps\n",
"from qiskit import QuantumCircuit\n",
"from qiskit.circuit import Parameter\n",
"from qiskit import transpile\n",
"\n",
"service = QiskitRuntimeService(channel='ibm_quantum')\n",
"backend = service.backend(\"\")\n",
"\n",
"pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(backend=backend, optimization_level=1)\n",
"\n",
"theta = Parameter('theta')\n",
"phi = Parameter('phi')\n",
"parameter_values = {'theta': 1.57, 'phi': 3.14} # In case we want to pass a dictionary\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 3. Erstellen Sie einen Quantenschaltkreis und fügen Sie parametrisierte Gatter hinzu\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"qc = QuantumCircuit(2)\n",
"\n",
"# Add parameterized gates\n",
"qc.rx(theta, 0)\n",
"qc.ry(phi, 1)\n",
"qc.cx(0, 1)\n",
"qc.measure_all()\n",
"\n",
"# Draw the original circuit\n",
"qc.draw('mpl')\n",
"\n",
"# Get an ISA circuit\n",
"isa_circuit = pm.run(qc)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 4. QASM-3-Code generieren\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"qasm_str = dumps(isa_circuit)\n",
"print(\"Generated QASM 3 code:\")\n",
"print(qasm_str)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 5. Führen Sie den Quantenschaltkreis mithilfe der Estimator- V2 -API aus\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" # Choose one option: direct parameter transfer or through a dictionary\n",
" #\"pubs\": [[qasm_str,[1,2],500]], # primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each.\n",
" \"pubs\": [[qasm_str,parameter_values,500]], # primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each.\n",
"}}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(f\"Job created: {response.text}\")\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"print(response.text)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 6. Auftragsstatus prüfen und Ergebnisse abrufen\n",
"\n",
"Geben Sie anschließend die `job_id` an die API weiter:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_status_singlejob = requests.get(f\"{url}/{job_id}\", headers=headers)\n",
"response_status_singlejob.json().get('state')\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ausgabe\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
"{'status': 'Completed'}\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ergebnisse anzeigen:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_result = requests.get(f\"{url}/{job_id}/results\", headers=headers)\n",
"\n",
"res_dict=response_result.json()\n",
"\n",
"# Get results for the first PUB\n",
"counts=res_dict['results'][0]['data']['c']['samples']\n",
"\n",
"print(counts[:20])\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ausgabe\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
"['0x1', '0x2', '0x1', '0x2', '0x1', '0x2', '0x0', '0x2', '0x1', '0x1', '0x2', '0x2', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1']\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## Nächste Schritte\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" * Je nach Ihren Anforderungen gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten, Workloads auszuführen: im Job-Modus, im Sitzungsmodus und im Batch-Modus. Erfahren Sie im [Abschnitt](/docs/guides/execution-modes-rest-api) „Ausführungsmodi“, wie Sie mit dem Sitzungsmodus und dem Batch-Modus arbeiten. Bitte beachten Sie, dass Nutzer von Open Plan keine Sitzungsaufträge übermitteln können.\n",
" * Erfahren Sie, wie Sie [Ihr Konto](/docs/guides/cloud-setup-rest-api) über die REST-API einrichten.\n",
" * Üben Sie den Umgang mit Primitiven, indem Sie die [Lektion zur Cost-Funktion](/learning/courses/variational-algorithm-design/cost-functions) unter IBM Quantum® Learning durcharbeiten.\n",
" * Im Abschnitt [„Transpile“](/docs/guides/transpile) erfahren Sie, wie Sie lokal transpilieren können.\n",
"\n",
"\n"
]
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