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"---\n",
"title: \"Estimador con la API REST\"\n",
"description: \"Cómo utilizar la primitiva «Estimator» con la API REST de Qiskit Runtime.\"\n",
"---\n",
"\n",
"{/* cspell:ignore IIZII, XIZZZ, accum */}\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# Estimador con la API REST\n",
"\n"
]
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"version-info"
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"{/*\n",
" DO NOT EDIT THIS CELL!!!\n",
" This cell's content is generated automatically by a script. Anything you add\n",
" here will be removed next time the notebook is run. To add new content, create\n",
" a new cell before or after this one.\n",
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"\n",
"\n",
" Versiones del paquete
\n",
"\n",
" El código de esta página se ha desarrollado teniendo en cuenta los siguientes requisitos.\n",
" Recomendamos utilizar estas versiones o posteriores.\n",
"\n",
" ```\n",
" qiskit[all]~=2.3.0\n",
" ```\n",
" \n",
"\n"
]
},
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"Los pasos de este tema describen cómo ejecutar y configurar cargas de trabajo mediante la API REST, y muestran cómo invocarlas en cualquier programa que elijas.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" Esta documentación utiliza el módulo `requests`Python para mostrar la API REST de Qiskit Runtime. No obstante, este flujo de trabajo se puede ejecutar utilizando cualquier lenguaje o marco que permita trabajar con API REST. Consulte la [documentación de referencia](/docs/api/qiskit-ibm-runtime/tags/jobs) de la API para obtener más información.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 1. Inicializar la cuenta\n",
"\n",
"Dado que « Qiskit Runtime Estimator» es un servicio gestionado, primero debe configurar su cuenta. A continuación, puedes seleccionar el dispositivo que deseas utilizar para calcular el valor esperado.\n",
"\n",
"En este [tema](/docs/guides/cloud-setup-rest-api) encontrarás información sobre cómo iniciar sesión en tu cuenta, ver los backends disponibles e invalidar tokens.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 2. Crear un circuito QASM\n",
"\n",
"Necesitas al menos un circuito como entrada para la primitiva Estimator.\n",
"\n",
"Defina un circuito cuántico QASM. Por ejemplo:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"qasm_string='''\n",
"OPENQASM 3;\n",
"include \"stdgates.inc\";\n",
"qreg q[2];\n",
"creg c[2];\n",
"x q[0];\n",
"cx q[0], q[1];\n",
"c[0] = measure q[0];\n",
"c[1] = measure q[1];\n",
"'''\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Los siguientes fragmentos de código dan por hecho que se `qasm_string` ha compilado en una nueva cadena `resulting_qasm`.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 3. Ejecuta el circuito cuántico utilizando la API « V2 » de Estimator\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" Los siguientes trabajos utilizan las primitivas Qiskit Runtime y V2. Tanto `SamplerV2` como `EstimatorV2` toman como entrada uno o más bloques primitivos unificados (PUB). Cada « PUB » es una tupla que contiene un circuito y los datos transmitidos a dicho circuito, que pueden ser varios observables y parámetros. Cada PUB devuelve un resultado.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each.\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
"}}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 4. Comprueba el estado del trabajo y obtén los resultados\n",
"\n",
"A continuación, pasa el `job_id` a la API:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_status_singlejob= requests.get(url+'/'+job_id, headers=headers)\n",
"response_status_singlejob.json().get('state')\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Resultado\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
">>> Job ID: 58223448-5100-4dec-a47a-942fb30edcad\n",
">>> Job Status: JobStatus.RUNNING\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ver resultados de empleo:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_result= requests.get(url+'/'+job_id+'/results', headers=headers)\n",
"\n",
"res_dict=response_result.json()\n",
"\n",
"estimator_result=res_dict['results']\n",
"print(estimator_result)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Resultado\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
"[{'data': {'evs': 0.7428980350102542, 'stds': 0.029884014518789213, 'ensemble_standard_error': 0.03261147170624149}, 'metadata': {'shots': 10016, 'target_precision': 0.01, 'circuit_metadata': {}, 'resilience': {}, 'num_randomizations': 32}}]\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## 5. Trabajar con las opciones de tiempo de ejecución\n",
"\n",
"Las técnicas de mitigación de errores permiten a los usuarios mitigar los errores de los circuitos mediante la modelización del ruido del dispositivo en el momento de la ejecución. Esto suele traducirse en una sobrecarga de preprocesamiento cuántico relacionada con el entrenamiento del modelo, y en una sobrecarga de posprocesamiento clásico para mitigar los errores en los resultados brutos mediante el uso del modelo generado.\n",
"\n",
"Las técnicas de mitigación de errores integradas en las primitivas son opciones avanzadas de resiliencia. Para especificar estas opciones, utiliza la `resilience_level` opción al enviar tu trabajo.\n",
"\n",
"Los siguientes ejemplos muestran las opciones predeterminadas para el desacoplamiento dinámico, el twirling y TREX + ZNE. Encontrarás más opciones y detalles adicionales en el tema «[Técnicas de mitigación y supresión de errores](/docs/guides/error-mitigation-and-suppression-techniques) ».\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### TREX + ZNE\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"BACKEND_NAME\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
" \"options\": {\n",
" \"resilience\": {\n",
" \"measure_mitigation\": True,\n",
" \"zne_mitigation\": True,\n",
" \"zne\": {\n",
" \"extrapolator\":[\"exponential\", \"linear\"],\n",
" \"noise_factors\":[1, 3, 5],\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" }\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### Desacoplamiento dinámico\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"BACKEND_NAME\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
" \"options\": {\n",
" \"dynamical_decoupling\": {\n",
" \"enable\": True,\n",
" \"sequence_type\": 'XpXm',\n",
" \"extra_slack_distribution\": 'middle',\n",
" \"scheduling_method\": 'alap',\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" }\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### Girando\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"BACKEND_NAME\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" \"pubs\": [ #primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each\n",
" [resulting_qasm, # QASM circuit\n",
" {\"IIZII\": 1, \"XIZZZ\": 2.3}, # Observable\n",
" None # parameter values\n",
" ]]\n",
" \"options\": {\n",
" \"twirling\": {\n",
" \"enable_gates\": True,\n",
" \"enable_measure\": True,\n",
" \"num_randomizations\": \"auto\",\n",
" \"shots_per_randomization\": \"auto\",\n",
" \"strategy\": \"active-accum\",\n",
" },\n",
" },\n",
" }\n",
"}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(\"Job created:\",response.text)\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## Circuitos parametrizados\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 1. Inicializar la cuenta\n",
"\n",
"Dado que Qiskit Runtime es un servicio gestionado, primero debe configurar su cuenta. A continuación, puedes seleccionar el dispositivo en el que deseas realizar los cálculos.\n",
"\n",
"En este [tema](/docs/guides/cloud-setup-rest-api) encontrarás información sobre cómo iniciar sesión en tu cuenta, ver los backends disponibles e invalidar tokens.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 2. Definir los parámetros\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"import qiskit_ibm_runtime\n",
"from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService\n",
"from qiskit.transpiler import generate_preset_pass_manager\n",
"from qiskit.qasm3 import dumps\n",
"from qiskit import QuantumCircuit\n",
"from qiskit.circuit import Parameter\n",
"from qiskit import transpile\n",
"\n",
"service = QiskitRuntimeService(channel='ibm_quantum')\n",
"backend = service.backend(\"\")\n",
"\n",
"pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(backend=backend, optimization_level=1)\n",
"\n",
"theta = Parameter('theta')\n",
"phi = Parameter('phi')\n",
"parameter_values = {'theta': 1.57, 'phi': 3.14} # In case we want to pass a dictionary\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 3. Crear un circuito cuántico y añadir puertas parametrizadas\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"qc = QuantumCircuit(2)\n",
"\n",
"# Add parameterized gates\n",
"qc.rx(theta, 0)\n",
"qc.ry(phi, 1)\n",
"qc.cx(0, 1)\n",
"qc.measure_all()\n",
"\n",
"# Draw the original circuit\n",
"qc.draw('mpl')\n",
"\n",
"# Get an ISA circuit\n",
"isa_circuit = pm.run(qc)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 4. Generar código QASM 3\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"qasm_str = dumps(isa_circuit)\n",
"print(\"Generated QASM 3 code:\")\n",
"print(qasm_str)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 5. Ejecuta el circuito cuántico mediante la API de Estimator V2\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"import requests\n",
"\n",
"url = 'https://quantum.cloud.ibm.com/api/v1/jobs'\n",
"auth_id = \"Bearer \"\n",
"crn = \"\"\n",
"backend = \"\"\n",
"\n",
"headers = {\n",
" 'Content-Type': 'application/json',\n",
" 'Authorization':auth_id,\n",
" 'Service-CRN': crn\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
"job_input = {\n",
" 'program_id': 'estimator',\n",
" \"backend\": backend,\n",
" \"params\": {\n",
" # Choose one option: direct parameter transfer or through a dictionary\n",
" #\"pubs\": [[qasm_str,[1,2],500]], # primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each.\n",
" \"pubs\": [[qasm_str,parameter_values,500]], # primitive unified blocs (PUBs) containing one circuit each.\n",
"}}\n",
"\n",
"response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=job_input)\n",
"\n",
"if response.status_code == 200:\n",
" job_id = response.json().get('id')\n",
" print(f\"Job created: {response.text}\")\n",
"else:\n",
" print(f\"Error: {response.status_code}\")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"print(response.text)\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"### 6. Comprueba el estado del trabajo y obtén los resultados\n",
"\n",
"A continuación, pasa el `job_id` a la API:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_status_singlejob = requests.get(f\"{url}/{job_id}\", headers=headers)\n",
"response_status_singlejob.json().get('state')\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Resultado\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
"{'status': 'Completed'}\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Ver resultados de empleo:\n",
"\n",
"```python\n",
"response_result = requests.get(f\"{url}/{job_id}/results\", headers=headers)\n",
"\n",
"res_dict=response_result.json()\n",
"\n",
"# Get results for the first PUB\n",
"counts=res_dict['results'][0]['data']['c']['samples']\n",
"\n",
"print(counts[:20])\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"Resultado\n",
"\n",
"```text\n",
"['0x1', '0x2', '0x1', '0x2', '0x1', '0x2', '0x0', '0x2', '0x1', '0x1', '0x2', '0x2', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1', '0x1']\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"## Próximos pasos\n",
"\n",
"\n",
" * Hay varias formas de ejecutar cargas de trabajo, según tus necesidades: modo de trabajo, modo de sesión y modo por lotes. Descubre cómo trabajar con el modo de sesión y el modo por lotes en [el apartado sobre modos de ejecución](/docs/guides/execution-modes-rest-api). Ten en cuenta que los usuarios de Open Plan no pueden enviar trabajos de sesión.\n",
" * Descubre cómo [configurar tu cuenta](/docs/guides/cloud-setup-rest-api) mediante la API REST.\n",
" * Practica con primitivas siguiendo la [lección](/learning/courses/variational-algorithm-design/cost-functions) sobre la función «Cost» en IBM Quantum® Learning.\n",
" * Descubre cómo realizar la transpilación de forma local en la sección «[Transpilación](/docs/guides/transpile) ».\n",
"\n",
"\n"
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