Q-CTRLの Qiskit Functions を用いた量子位相推定

from qiskit import QuantumCircuit

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import qiskit
from qiskit import qasm2
from qiskit_aer import AerSimulator
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import QiskitRuntimeService
from qiskit_ibm_runtime import SamplerV2 as Sampler
from qiskit.transpiler.preset_passmanagers import generate_preset_pass_manager
import qctrlvisualizer as qv
from qiskit_ibm_catalog import QiskitFunctionsCatalog

plt.style.use(qv.get_qctrl_style())

catalog = QiskitFunctionsCatalog(channel="ibm_quantum_platform")

# Access Function
perf_mgmt = catalog.load("q-ctrl/performance-management")

def inverse_quantum_fourier_transform(quantum_circuit, number_of_qubits):
    """
    Apply an inverse Quantum Fourier Transform the first `number_of_qubits` qubits in the
    `quantum_circuit`.
    """
    for qubit in range(number_of_qubits // 2):
        quantum_circuit.swap(qubit, number_of_qubits - qubit - 1)
    for j in range(number_of_qubits):
        for m in range(j):
            quantum_circuit.cp(-np.pi / float(2 ** (j - m)), m, j)
        quantum_circuit.h(j)
    return quantum_circuit

def bitstring_count_to_probabilities(data, shot_count):
    """
    This function turns an unsorted dictionary of bitstring counts into a sorted dictionary
    of probabilities.
    """
    # Turn the bitstring counts into probabilities.
    probabilities = {
        bitstring: bitstring_count / shot_count
        for bitstring, bitstring_count in data.items()
    }

    sorted_probabilities = dict(
        sorted(probabilities.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
    )

    return sorted_probabilities

def quantum_phase_estimation_benchmark_circuit(
    number_of_counting_qubits, phase
):
    """
    Create the circuit for quantum phase estimation.

    Parameters
    ----------
    number_of_counting_qubits : The number of qubits in the circuit.
    phase : The desired phase.

    Returns
    -------
    QuantumCircuit
        The quantum phase estimation circuit for `number_of_counting_qubits` qubits.
    """
    qc = QuantumCircuit(
        number_of_counting_qubits + 1, number_of_counting_qubits
    )
    target = number_of_counting_qubits

    # |1> eigenstate for the single-qubit phase gate
    qc.x(target)

    # Hadamards on counting register
    for q in range(number_of_counting_qubits):
        qc.h(q)

    # ONE controlled phase per counting qubit: cp(phase * 2**k)
    for k in range(number_of_counting_qubits):
        qc.cp(phase * (1 << k), k, target)

    qc.barrier()

    # Inverse QFT on counting register
    inverse_quantum_fourier_transform(qc, number_of_counting_qubits)

    qc.barrier()
    for q in range(number_of_counting_qubits):
        qc.measure(q, q)
    return qc

shot_count = 10000
num_qubits = 35
phase = (1 / 6) * 2 * np.pi
circuits_quantum_phase_estimation = (
    quantum_phase_estimation_benchmark_circuit(
        number_of_counting_qubits=num_qubits, phase=phase
    )
)

# Run the algorithm on the IBM Aer simulator.
aer_simulator = AerSimulator(method="matrix_product_state")

# Transpile the circuits for the simulator.
transpiled_circuits = qiskit.transpile(
    circuits_quantum_phase_estimation, aer_simulator
)

simulated_result = (
    aer_simulator.run(transpiled_circuits, shots=shot_count)
    .result()
    .get_counts()
)

simulated_result_probabilities = []

simulated_result_probabilities.append(
    bitstring_count_to_probabilities(
        simulated_result,
        shot_count=shot_count,
    )
)

service = QiskitRuntimeService()
backend = service.least_busy(operational=True, simulator=False)

pm = generate_preset_pass_manager(backend=backend, optimization_level=3)
isa_circuits = pm.run(circuits_quantum_phase_estimation)

# Run the algorithm with IBM default.
sampler = Sampler(backend)

# Run all circuits using IBM Quantum Compute Service.
ibm_default_job = sampler.run([isa_circuits], shots=shot_count)

# Run the circuit using Sampler
fire_opal_job = perf_mgmt.run(
    primitive="sampler",
    pubs=[qasm2.dumps(circuits_quantum_phase_estimation)],
    backend_name=backend.name,
    options={"default_shots": shot_count},
)

# Retrieve results.
ibm_default_result = ibm_default_job.result()
ibm_default_probabilities = []

for idx, pub_result in enumerate(ibm_default_result):
    ibm_default_probabilities.append(
        bitstring_count_to_probabilities(
            pub_result.data.c0.get_counts(),
            shot_count=shot_count,
        )
    )

fire_opal_result = fire_opal_job.result()

fire_opal_probabilities = []
for idx, pub_result in enumerate(fire_opal_result):
    fire_opal_probabilities.append(
        bitstring_count_to_probabilities(
            pub_result.data.c0.get_counts(),
            shot_count=shot_count,
        )
    )

data = {
    "simulation": simulated_result_probabilities,
    "default": ibm_default_probabilities,
    "fire_opal": fire_opal_probabilities,
}

def plot_distributions(
    data,
    number_of_counting_qubits,
    top_k=None,
    by="prob",
    shot_count=None,
):
    def nrm(d):
        s = sum(d.values())
        return {k: (v / s if s else 0.0) for k, v in d.items()}

    def as_float(d):
        return {k: float(v) for k, v in d.items()}

    def to_space(d):
        if by == "prob":
            return nrm(as_float(d))
        else:
            if shot_count and 0.99 <= sum(d.values()) <= 1.01:
                return {
                    k: v * float(shot_count) for k, v in as_float(d).items()
                }
            else:
                return as_float(d)

    def topk(d, k):
        items = sorted(d.items(), key=lambda kv: kv[1], reverse=True)
        return items[: (k or len(d))]

    phase = "1/6"

    sim = to_space(data["simulation"])
    dft = to_space(data["default"])
    qct = to_space(data["fire_opal"])

    correct = max(sim, key=sim.get) if sim else None
    print("Correct result:", correct)

    sim_items = topk(sim, top_k)
    dft_items = topk(dft, top_k)
    qct_items = topk(qct, top_k)

    sim_keys, y_sim = zip(*sim_items) if sim_items else ([], [])
    dft_keys, y_dft = zip(*dft_items) if dft_items else ([], [])
    qct_keys, y_qct = zip(*qct_items) if qct_items else ([], [])

    fig, axes = plt.subplots(3, 1, layout="constrained")
    ylab = "Probabilities"

    def panel(ax, keys, ys, title, color):
        x = np.arange(len(keys))
        bars = ax.bar(x, ys, color=color)
        ax.set_title(title)
        ax.set_ylabel(ylab)
        ax.set_xticks(x)
        ax.set_xticklabels(keys, rotation=90)
        ax.set_xlabel("Bitstrings")
        if correct in keys:
            i = keys.index(correct)
            bars[i].set_edgecolor("black")
            bars[i].set_linewidth(2)
        return max(ys, default=0.0)

    c_sim, c_dft, c_qct = (
        qv.QCTRL_STYLE_COLORS[5],
        qv.QCTRL_STYLE_COLORS[1],
        qv.QCTRL_STYLE_COLORS[0],
    )
    m1 = panel(axes[0], list(sim_keys), list(y_sim), "Simulation", c_sim)
    m2 = panel(axes[1], list(dft_keys), list(y_dft), "Default", c_dft)
    m3 = panel(axes[2], list(qct_keys), list(y_qct), "Q-CTRL", c_qct)

    for ax, m in zip(axes, (m1, m2, m3)):
        ax.set_ylim(0, 1.05 * (m or 1.0))

    for ax in axes:
        ax.label_outer()
    fig.suptitle(
        rf"{number_of_counting_qubits} counting qubits, $2\pi\varphi$={phase}"
    )
    fig.set_size_inches(20, 10)
    plt.show()

experiment_index = 0
phase_index = 0

distributions = {
    "simulation": data["simulation"][phase_index],
    "default": data["default"][phase_index],
    "fire_opal": data["fire_opal"][phase_index],
}

plot_distributions(
    distributions, num_qubits, top_k=100, by="prob", shot_count=shot_count
)